The 2014 Workshop on Algorithms for Modern Massive Data Sets (MMDS 2014) will address algorithmic, mathematical, and statistical challenges in modern statistical data analysis. The goals of MMDS 2014 are to explore novel techniques for modeling and analyzing massive, high-dimensional, and nonlinearly-structured scientific and internet data sets, and to bring together computer scientists, statisticians, mathematicians, and data analysis practitioners to promote cross-fertilization of ideas.